Plato

Plato was born into an aristocratic Athenian family, with his real name believed to be Aristocles. 'Plato' was a nickname meaning 'broad,' possibly referring to his physical build or broad forehead. He was a student of Socrates and later became the teacher of Aristotle, forming a crucial link in the development of Western philosophy. After Socrates' execution in 399 BCE, Plato traveled extensively throughout the Mediterranean, including visits to Egypt and Italy. Around 387 BCE, he founded the Academy in Athens, considered the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He devoted his life to philosophy and teaching, writing numerous dialogues that explored fundamental questions about knowledge, reality, justice, and the nature of the good life. His works, written in dialogue form, often featured Socrates as the main character. Plato developed influential theories about Forms (perfect, abstract entities), the immortality of the soul, and political philosophy, including his concept of the philosopher-king outlined in 'The Republic.' He died in Athens, reportedly while writing, around 348 BCE.