Civilization

Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt arose along the lower Nile River valley in northeastern Africa, with civilization emerging around 3100 BCE under the unification attributed to King Narmer. The civilization is conventionally divided into the Old Kingdom (c. 2700 to 2200 BCE), Middle Kingdom (c. 2050 to 1650 BCE), and New Kingdom (c. 1550 to 1070 BCE), with three intermediate periods between.

Related Subjects

Item Ptolemaic Period

Rosetta Stone

The Rosetta Stone is an ancient Egyptian granodiorite stele inscribed with three versions of a decree issued in Memphis in 196 BC. The text appears in ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, Demotic script, and...

Event Contemporary

Rosetta Stone Discovery

French soldiers discovered the Rosetta Stone near the town of Rosetta (Rashid) in July 1799 during Napoleon's Egyptian campaign. The trilingual decree would eventually become the key to deciphering Eg...

Figure Contemporary

Robert Schoch

Robert M. Schoch is an American associate professor of Natural Sciences at Boston University and a prominent alternative theorist in geology and archaeology. He received his Ph.D. in Geology and Geoph...

Figure Old Kingdom

Khufu

Khufu succeeded his father, Sneferu, and ruled Egypt in the 26th century BCE. His reign is characterized by significant architectural achievements, including the construction of the Great Pyramid. Des...

Place Old Kingdom

Great Pyramid of Giza

The Great Pyramid of Giza, an emblem of ancient Egypt, stands as the oldest and largest pyramid within the Giza pyramid complex. Constructed during the Old Kingdom era, it is a testament to the advanc...

Place Ancient

Greece

Ancient Greece, flourishing from the 8th to the 1st century BCE, was a cradle of Western civilization, known for its diverse city-states or polis, each with distinct governance and cultures. This peri...

Place Ancient

Egypt

Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. This civilization emerged around 310...

Item Ancient

Scarab Amulet

A scarab amulet is a carved artifact shaped like a dung beetle (Scarabaeus sacer), commonly found in ancient Egyptian contexts. These amulets range from small decorative pieces to larger ceremonial ob...

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Cited Sources

Lettre a M. Dacier

Jean-Francois Champollion · Manuscript

Champollion, Jean-Francois. (1822). "Lettre a M. Dacier relative a l'alphabet des hieroglyphes phonetiques". Available at: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1047030

The Rosetta Stone

E.A. Wallis Budge · Book

Budge, E.A. Wallis. (1913). "The Rosetta Stone". British Museum. Available at: https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA24

"The Secrets of the Sphinx - Digital Giza". Available at: http://giza.fas.harvard.edu/pubdocs/561/full/

"Great Sphinx of Giza - Mysteries of Ancient Egypt". Available at: https://www.encounterstravel.com/blog/great-sphinx-of-giza

The Mystery of the Great Sphinx

Unknown author · Website

"The Mystery of the Great Sphinx". Available at: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/236/the-mystery-of-the-great-sphinx/

The Great Sphinx of Giza

Unknown author · Website

"The Great Sphinx of Giza". Available at: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/great-sphinx-giza-pyramids-pharaoh-ancient-egypt

Uncovering Secrets of the Sphinx

Unknown author · Website

"Uncovering Secrets of the Sphinx". Available at: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/uncovering-secrets-of-the-sphinx-5053442/

"Mysteries Of Egypt: Who Built The Great Sphinx Of Giza?". Available at: https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/mysteries-of-egypt-who-built-the-great-sphinx-of-giza.html

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